Speech Therapy CPT Codes: The Complete List for SLP Billing in 2026
Whether you're a new SLP in private practice or a seasoned clinician double-checking your billing, having a clear reference for speech therapy CPT codes is essential. This guide covers every CPT code commonly used by speech-language pathologists for Medicare and commercial insurance billing, organized by category.
Treatment Codes
| CPT Code | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 92507 | Treatment of speech, language, voice, communication, and/or auditory processing disorder — individual | Most commonly billed SLP code. Untimed. Requires -GN modifier for Medicare. |
| 92508 | Treatment of speech, language, voice, communication, and/or auditory processing disorder — group (2+ patients) | Lower reimbursement than 92507. Cannot be billed on the same date as 92507 for the same patient. |
Evaluation Codes
| CPT Code | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 92521 | Evaluation of speech fluency | Stuttering and cluttering evaluations. OIG audit priority — documentation must support the specific evaluation type. |
| 92522 | Evaluation of speech sound production | Articulation and phonological process evaluations. Bill this when only speech production is assessed — not 92523. |
| 92523 | Evaluation of speech sound production with evaluation of language comprehension and expression | Higher reimbursement. Requires documentation of BOTH speech production AND language assessment. Top upcoding target. |
| 92524 | Behavioral and qualitative analysis of voice and resonance | Voice disorder evaluations. Requires acoustic and perceptual voice quality documentation. |
OIG has flagged: Evaluation code upcoding — specifically, practices that bill 92523 on more than 75% of evaluations — is an active audit priority. The expected distribution should reflect a mix of 92521, 92522, 92523, and 92524 based on your clinical population, not a default to the highest-reimbursing code.
Cognitive Assessment Codes
| CPT Code | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 96105 | Assessment of aphasia with interpretation and report, per hour | Time-based code. Commonly used for standardized aphasia batteries (WAB, BDAE). Requires interpretation and written report. |
| 96125 | Standardized cognitive performance testing, per hour, by a healthcare professional | Time-based. Used for cognitive-linguistic assessments. Must be performed directly by the SLP, not a technician. |
Dysphagia Codes
| CPT Code | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 92610 | Evaluation of oral and pharyngeal swallowing function | Clinical (bedside) swallowing evaluation. Requires detailed documentation of oral mechanism exam and trial swallows. |
| 92611 | Motion fluoroscopic evaluation of swallowing function | Instrumental evaluation (MBSS/VFSS). Requires fluoroscopic recording — cannot be used for FEES. |
| 92612 | Flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) | Typically billed by the physician performing the endoscopy, not the SLP. Scope of practice varies by state. |
Key Modifiers for SLP Billing
| Modifier | Description | When to Use |
|---|---|---|
| -GN | Services delivered under an SLP plan of care | Required on ALL SLP services billed to Medicare Part B |
| KX | Medical necessity certification for therapy cap exception | Required when patient exceeds the annual therapy cap threshold |
| -95 | Synchronous telemedicine service | Required for telehealth visits using real-time audio-video |
| -59 / XE | Distinct procedural service | May be needed to bypass NCCI edit pairs when billing evaluation + treatment on the same date |
Codes SLPs Should Not Bill
Several codes are commonly confused with SLP billing codes but are outside the typical SLP scope or have specific restrictions:
- 97530 (Therapeutic activities) — This is a rehabilitation code primarily used by PTs and OTs. Some SLPs bill it for cognitive-communication activities, but it's flagged by many MACs as inappropriate for SLP services. Best practice suggests using 92507 for SLP treatment activities.
- 97129/97130 (Cognitive function intervention) — These codes were introduced for cognitive rehabilitation but have specific requirements about who can bill them and for what conditions. Check your MAC's local coverage determination before using these codes.
- 92612 (FEES) — While SLPs may participate in FEES procedures, the billing typically belongs to the physician performing the endoscopy. State scope of practice laws vary significantly on this.
Staying Current on Code Changes
CPT codes are updated annually by the AMA, with new codes added, existing codes revised, and some codes retired each January. Medicare reimbursement rates are also adjusted annually through the Physician Fee Schedule. NCCI edit pairs that affect SLP code bundling are updated quarterly. Staying current on these changes is essential for maintaining compliant billing practices.
CPT codes change every year. Stay current.
SLPBillingClarity monitors code changes, reimbursement updates, and NCCI edit pair revisions monthly — tailored to your practice.
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